Persian garden principles in contemporary urban edible landscape design

Abstract

Persian gardens integrated productive and ornamental functions, offering precedents for contemporary edible landscapes. This research identifies their key design principles by examining historical evolution, which reveals a spatial shift from peripheral exclusivity to integrated public amenities, with microclimate regulation and multisensory design as enduring features. Synthesizing these insights with sustainability criteria yields recommendations for spatial-aesthetic design and plant selection, demonstrating how historical wisdom can guide urban agricultural landscapes that advance social equity, environmental resilience, and experiential richness.