Simulation of spatial mechanisms of technological machines of light industry

Abstract

In modern productions of light industry, there is a constant need to improve technological equipment for the manufacture of various products. This process requires the development of new mechanisms with accurate reproduction of complex work trajectories, including spatial ones, during technological operations. The design of such mechanisms, in particular spatial hinge-lever mechanisms, requires an accurate calculation of their kinematic characteristics. The analytical methods of kinematics research used in the work allow obtaining more accurate results compared to traditional methods. Also the work examines the kinematics of links of spatial mechanisms of technological machines of light industry using the vector method of coordinate transformation. On the example of the needle mechanisms and loopers of sewing machines for performing class 500 stitches, a structural analysis was carried out, geometric parameters were determined, and structural and vector diagrams of these mechanisms were developed. Calculations were made for each link of the spatial mechanisms of the investigated sewing machine. The results of the study are presented in the form of visualization graphs of kinematic schemes of spatial mechanisms of the needle and loopers of the sewing machine, graphs of trajectories and laws of movement of the characteristic points of the working bodies of the spatial mechanisms of the needle and loopers of the sewing machine depending on the angle of rotation of the main shaft in Mathcad. The obtained results make it possible to carry out a more accurate assessment of the functionality of the mechanisms and the detection of inertial loads based on the values of the maximum accelerations. This will make it possible to identify possible design flaws during the design of new mechanisms or the study of existing ones in the garment industry. The calculation presented in the paper allows for mathematical modeling of the spatial mechanisms of sewing machines using CAE programs, for example, Mathcad, which is an effective tool for design and research modern high-speed sewing machines.